Explanation

Mean = Sum of all numbers / Total count of numbers  

Given data: 14, 24, ____, 18, 30  

Total numbers = 5  

Mean = 23  

So, Sum of all numbers = Mean × Total count = 23 × 5 = 115  

Let the missing number be x  

14 + 24 + x + 18 + 30 = 115  

86 + x = 115  

x = 115 - 86  

x = 29

Last verified on 24-08-2026

Explanation

• Public administration education and training in Pakistan have been primarily influenced by:
• the British colonial administrative framework
• the American public administration model
• Introduced during the 1950s and 1960s.

Explanation

Given:

• Dividend (D₀) = Rs. 4
• Market Price (P₀) = Rs. 100
• Growth rate (g) = 5%

Step 1: Calculate next year’s dividend

D₁ = D₀ × (1 + g)
= 4 × 1.05
= Rs. 4.20

Step 2: Use the Gordon Growth Model

Required Return:

Ke​=D1/P0​​​+g 

Ke​=4.20/100 ​+0.05

Ke​=0.042+0.05=0.092

Ke​=9.2%≈9%

Explanation

For an ordinary annuity:

PV=PMT×1−(1+r)−n/r​

PMT = Rs. 4,000

r = 8% = 0.08

n = 20 years

PV ≈ Rs. 39,727

Explanation

• When a bond sells for more than its par value, it is trading at a premium.
• This occurs because the bond's fixed interest payments (the coupon rate) are higher than the current market interest rate (the yield to maturity, or YTM).
• Investors are willing to pay extra upfront for those larger interest payouts.
• Consequently, the total expected return over the life of the bond (YTM) drops below the stated coupon rate.