Explanation

Both the Salk vaccine and the Sabin vaccine are types of polio vaccines.

The Salk vaccine is an inactivated polio vaccine (IPV),

While the Sabin vaccine is a live attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV).

Both vaccines have played crucial roles in the global efforts to eradicate polio.

Explanation

Sand flies belong to the order Diptera and possess wings, making them winged insects.

They are known for their small size and are vectors for various diseases, including leishmaniasis.

Explanation

At the beginning of forced expiration Lung elastic recoil increases

During forced expiration, the muscles of respiration contract to actively decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity.

However, at the beginning of forced expiration, the lung elastic recoil, which is the natural tendency of the lungs to recoil inward, increases.

This recoil helps to push air out of the lungs by reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity.

Explanation

The best period of gestation to carry out chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for prenatal diagnosis is typically between 10-12 weeks

During this period, there is sufficient chorionic villi development for sampling,

The procedure is considered safe and effective for obtaining genetic material for prenatal diagnosis.

Explanation

When the number of calculated females is expressed as a percentage of the total female population present in the village, it is called a Proportion

Proportion expresses the part of a whole (in this case, the calculated females) concerning the entire population (total females).

It is often expressed as a percentage.

Explanation

The appropriate statement regarding a medico-legal certificate is It is a document relevant to the cause of death.

A medico-legal certificate typically includes:

• information relevant to the cause of death
• detailing medical findings, circumstances
• factors contributing to the individual's demise.

It serves as an official record and may be used for legal or administrative purposes, such as:

• inquests
• insurance claims
• legal proceedings

Explanation

Tracheostomy is typically performed just below the cricoid cartilage,

between the 2nd and 4th tracheal rings.

This location provides access to the trachea

while minimizing the risk of injury to vital structures

such as the thyroid gland and major blood vessels.

Explanation

Quinsy, also known as peritonsillar abscess, is a complication of acute tonsillitis Characterized by the accumulation of pus around the tonsils

It is not a primary cause of acute sore throat

But can develop due to untreated or inadequately treated acute tonsillitis.

Explanation

 Accurate regarding the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is The mucosal S-cell and plasma cell increase in UC.

Ulcerative colitis is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum, and histologically

There is typically an increase in inflammatory cells, including plasma cells, in the mucosal layer of the affected areas.

Explanation

Functional residual capacity (FRC), is the volume remaining in the lungs after a normal, passive exhalation.

It is the combination of residual volume (RV) and the expiratory reserve volume

In a normal individual, this is about 3L.

The FRC also represents the point of the breathing cycle

where the lung tissue elastic recoil and chest wall outward expansion are balanced and equal.