Explanation

A person who has had a renal transplant should regulate protein intake.

Excessive protein can strain the kidneys and affect graft function, as kidneys filter nitrogenous waste from protein breakdown.

Monitoring protein helps manage kidney function and overall health.

Explanation

A 38-year-old male presents with fatigue, weight loss, recurrent sinusitis, epistaxis, and hematuria on urinalysis. He is ANCA positive.

The most likely diagnosis is Wegener's granulomatosis (now known as Granulomatosis with polyangiitis).

Explanation

Colonoscopy is the best investigation to confirm the diagnosis in a patient with a history of bloody diarrhea.

It allows direct visualization of the colon and can help identify conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer.

Explanation

Hypertension is not characteristic of Dengue Shock Syndrome.

The condition typically involves hypotension with narrow pulse pressure, plasma leakage, tender hepatomegaly, and tachycardia.

Explanation

CD4 T cells count is the best predictor of decline in immune function in HIV patients.

A lower CD4 count indicates more severe immune system impairment.

Explanation

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is consistent with symptoms.

Such as insomnia, nightmares, impulsivity, and difficulty in concentration following a traumatic event like rape.

Explanation

Blood culture is the best test for confirming enteric fever during the first week of illness.

It can detect the presence of Salmonella typhi in the bloodstream early in the disease course.

Explanation

Low voltage QRS complexes in an ECG are typically seen in pericardial effusion.

This condition causes fluid accumulation around the heart.

It dampens the electrical signals and results in reduced QRS amplitude.

Explanation

The sternum helps protect the internal thoracic viscera – such as :

• the heart
• lungs
• esophagus.

The sternum (or breastbone) is a flat bone located at the anterior aspect of the thorax.

It lies in the midline of the chest and has a 'T' shape.

As part of the bony thoracic wall,

Explanation

In assessing the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition the most practical indicator would be weight for height.

This measurement provides a quick and reliable assessment of acute malnutrition,

as it reflects recent weight changes relative to height.