Explanation

If a codon consisted of only two nucleotides, there would be 16 possible codons. 

Since there are four possible nucleotides (A, C, G, and T), each position in a two-nucleotide codon could be filled by any of these nucleotides.

Therefore, to calculate the total number of possible codons,

We multiply the number of possibilities for the first position by the number of possibilities for the second position:

4 nucleotides * 4 nucleotides = 16 possible codons. 

Explanation

 The term for similarity in characteristics resulting from common ancestry is Homology. 

Homology refers to the shared features between organisms that are derived from a common ancestor. 

Explanation

Lithosere succession takes place on bare rocks. 

 "Litho" refers to "rock,"

So lithosere specifically describes the process of ecological succession that begins on exposed rock surfaces

Explanation

Sticky ends are formed when a restriction enzyme cuts DNA at specific locations, leaving short, single-stranded overhangs with unpaired bases at the ends.

These unpaired bases can then form hydrogen bonds with complementary unpaired bases on another DNA fragment, allowing them to "stick" together, hence the name "sticky ends". 

Explanation

Add some milk and sugar to your tea.

When adding ingredients to a liquid, "to" is the appropriate preposition.

Explanation

 "Tooth and nail" is an idiom that means to fight very fiercely or with great determination.

Explanation

The correct way to write units is to use the SI (International System of Units) standard

Where the symbols for units named after persons are capitalized, and the symbols for other units are lowercase.

Therefore, the correct option is d. 43 kg m³. 

Explanation

Kinetic energy (KE) is given by the formula:  

KE = ½ mv²

If speed is doubled (v → 2v), then:  

KE' = ½ m (2v)² = ½ m × 4v² = 4 × KE

So, kinetic energy increases by a factor of 4.

Explanation

A body moving in a circular path with constant speed has variable acceleration. 

While the speed remains constant, the direction of the velocity vector is constantly changing as the body moves around the circle.

Since acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, and velocity is changing (even though speed is constant),

The body experiences a constant magnitude of acceleration

But the direction of that acceleration changes at every point on the circle.

This makes the acceleration variable. 

Explanation

A microwave oven heats food by using electromagnetic radiation at a specific frequency

That resonates with the water molecules in the food, causing them to vibrate and generate heat.

This process of energy transfer due to matching frequencies is called resonance.