Explanation

• Silica (SiO₂) is the main component of glass.
• It providing its transparency and hardness.
• It forms a network structure when melted, giving glass its solid yet brittle nature.

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

Important Passes of Pakistan

1. Khyber Pass

• Connects: Peshawar to Kabul
• Connects: Pakistan to Afghanistan
• Height 1070 meters, 3510 feet 

2. Bolan Pass 

• Connects: JCB and Sibi with Quetta 
• Height: 1793 meters, 5884 feet 

3. Lowari Pass

• Connects: Chitral with Dir 
• Height: 3118 meters, 10230 feet 

4. Broghil Pass

• Location: Pakistan & Afghanistan border 
• Height: 3798 meters, 12460 feet 

5. Malakand Pass

• Connects: Dir with Chitral 
• Height: 1362 meters, 4468 feet 

6. Shandur Pass

• Connects: Gupis/Gilgit with Chitral 
• Height: 3700 meters, 12139 feet 

7. Khanjerab Pass (top most in Pakistan)

• Other name: Friendship Gate
• Connects: China with Pakistan 
• Height: 4693 meters, 15397 feet 

8. Dorah Pass

• Connects: Badakhshan province of Afghanistan with Chitral 
• Height: 4300 meters, 14108 feet 

9. Babusar Pass

• Connects: Mansehra/Abbotabad with Gilgit

10. Kohat Pass

• Connects: Kohat with Peshawar 

11. Khojak Pass

• Connects: Qilla Abdullah with Chaman

12. Tochi Pass

• Connects: Ghazni with Bannu

Last verified on 01-04-2026

Explanation

• Pressure can be defined as the force acting per unit area.
• The unit of pressure is N/m² (Newton per square meter).
• It is also called Pascal (Pa).
• In SI base units kg⋅m−1⋅s−2
• Derivations from other quantities: p = F / A
• Dimension unit: M L^−1 T^-2.

Additional information 

The SI unit of energy/work is the joule (J)

Last updated on 09-03-2026

Explanation

• Last Viceroy of India: Lord Mountbatten in 1947

Additional information:

• First Viceroy of India: Lord Canning in 1858
• First Governor of Bengal: Robert Clive
• First Governor-General of Bengal: Warren Hastings (1772-1785)
• First Governor-General of India: William Bentinck in 1833

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• The Shri Katas Raj Temples is also known as Qila Katas.
• The temple is located in Choa Saidanshah, Chakwal, near the M2 Motorway.
• The temples were established by the Hindu Shahis between the mid-7th and 10th centuries.

Explanation

The largest university in Pakistan is Punjab University.

It was established in 1882.

It is the oldest higher learning institution in the country.

The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) is the largest in terms of area, with a campus spanning 2,550 acres. 

Explanation

Barani land refers to agricultural land in Pakistan that is entirely dependent on rainfall for cultivation.

It is common in arid and semi-arid regions where irrigation facilities are limited.

Crop yields on Barani land vary greatly depending on seasonal rainfall.

Explanation

Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the six main rivers of the Indus Basin were divided between India and Pakistan:

Western Rivers (Pakistan's Share): The treaty assigned the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab to Pakistan for unrestricted use (with limited exceptions for India for power generation and irrigation).

Eastern Rivers (India's Share): The Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi were assigned to India for exclusive use.

Explanation

• Farooq Haider was known as the creator of the fictional puppet character Uncle Sargam introduced in 1976 in children's television show Kaliyan.
• Farooq was also a cartoonist, newspaper columnist and wrote for the newspaper Daily Nai Baat in Lahore and under the pen name "Meethay Karelay" (English: "Sweet Bitter gourd").
  

Explanation

WAPDA (Water and Power Development Authority) was established to manage water resources and electricity generation in Pakistan.

It oversees dams, power plants, and irrigation projects.

WAPDA plays a key role in national development and flood management.