Explanation

• Main Cause: Circular debt & mismanagement
• Other Factors: Inefficient power plants, transmission losses, delayed payments
• Impact: Frequent load shedding, industrial slowdown
• Energy Gap: Pakistan’s demand often exceeds supply by 4,000–5,000 MW
• Affected Areas: Nationwide, including rural and urban regions

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• 2nd Constitution (1962): 250 articles, 10 parts, imposed by Ayub Khan during his first martial law.

• 1st Constitution (1956): 234 articles, 13 parts, adopted during civilian rule.
• 3rd Constitution (1973): 280 articles, 12 parts, introduced in Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s era.
• First Martial Law: Imposed by Ayub Khan before the 1962 Constitution.

Explanation

• After the fall of the Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty, Delhi Sultanate became weak due to revolts.
• The Khilji Dynasty replaced the Slave Dynasty.
• Its founder was Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji.

Additional information:

• He became Sultan in 1290 at about 70 years of age.
• He was later killed by his nephew Alauddin Khilji (Ali Gurshap).

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• In ODI cricket, the highest individual score for Pakistan is 210 not out by Fakhar Zaman.
• This record was set against Zimbabwe in 2018.

Additional information:

• Babar Azam: 122 in T20I (highest for Pakistan in T20)
• Hanif Mohammad: 337 in Test cricket (highest Test score for Pakistan)

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Srinagar–Muzaffarabad bus service was started to improve people-to-people contact between Indian-administered and Pakistan-administered Kashmir.
• The service was inaugurated in 2005 under a confidence-building initiative.
• It helped families separated by the Line of Control (LoC) meet and strengthened cross-border communication.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Razia Sultana was the first female ruler of Delhi Sultanate.
  • She ruled India from 1236 to 1240.
  • She was the daughter of Sultan Shams-ud-Din Iltutmish and Turkan Khatun.
  • Known for her bravery, intelligence, and administrative skills.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Book: Zinda Rood (زندہ رود)
• Subject: Biography of Allama Muhammad Iqbal
• Author: Dr. Javed Iqbal (son of Allama Iqbal)
• Volumes & Years: 3 volumes, published 1979–1984
• Importance: Most authentic and detailed account of Iqbal’s life, personal aspects, and philosophy

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• CSS stands for Central Superior Services.
• It is a civil service examination and recruitment process in Pakistan for high-ranking government positions.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

Haran Minar (Deer Tower) was built by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1606.

Hiran Minar is located in Sheikhupura, Punjab.

This monument was constructed in memory of his beloved pet antelope named Mansraj (or Mansiraj)

Explanation

Rakaposhi is located in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.

It is the 27th-highest mountain in the world.

It is the steepest peak in the world.

Rakaposhi rises over the Nagar Valley.

It is the part of the Karakoram range.

It is the 12th highest mountain in Pakistan.

The first successful ascent was in 1958 by Mike Banks and Tom Patey.

Rakaposhi is also known as Dumani, meaning "Mother of Mist" or "Mother of Clouds."