Explanation

Sand and gravel are commonly used in filtration to remove impurities and suspended particles from water.

They provide a physical barrier and are effective in both slow and rapid sand filtration processes.

Explanation

Coagulation helps neutralize the charges on particles so they can stick together.

Flocculation follows, where these particles clump into larger flocs for easy removal—both are key in water purification.

Explanation

Sodium nitrate, sodium citrate, and even sodium sulphate (less commonly) are used in preserving food by preventing microbial growth.

These salts help in extending shelf life and maintaining flavor or color in processed foods.

Explanation

Abdul Malik Aasmai (740 – 828 AD):

He was regarded as a specialist in animal sciences.

He wrote many books on animals and plants.

One of his books, “Al-Khei,l” is about horses.

A second, “Al-lbil” about camels.

A third “A-shat” about sheep.

A fourth “Al-Wahoosh” is about wild animals.

In the book “Khalaq-ul-Insan”, he described the different parts and functions of the human body.

Explanation

Biometry is the application of statistical analysis to biological data.

It helps in studying health-related trends, like the number of people getting lung cancer due to smoking.

Explanation

• Volvox is a genus of green algae that includes about 20 species of aquatic, photosynthetic organisms.
• They are characterized by their spherical or ellipsoidal shape and are typically found in freshwater environments.
• Volvox species are known for their unique colony structure, which consists of a hollow sphere of cells surrounding a central cavity.

Explanation

Plants have two main systems: the root system and the shoot system.

The root system anchors the plant and absorbs water.

The shoot system includes stems, leaves, and flowers for photosynthesis and reproduction.

Explanation

ورقہ بن نوفل ایک اہل علم شخص تھے جو تورات اور انجیل کے عالم تھے۔

جب حضرت خدیجہؓ نبی کریم ﷺ کو پہلی وحی کے بعد ورقہ بن نوفل کے پاس لے گئیں تو انہوں نے تصدیق کی کہ یہ وہی وحی ہے جو حضرت موسیٰؑ اور عیسیٰؑ پر نازل ہوئی تھی۔

Explanation

The Holy Quran contains 323,671 letters.

These letters are spread across 114 surahs and 6,666 verses.

Explanation

The era from 600 A.D to 1600 A.D is known as the period of Alchemists in Muslim history, especially in the Islamic Golden Age.

During this time, Muslim scholars like Jabir bin Hayyan advanced early chemical and alchemical knowledge.