Explanation

• Facilitated diffusion uses membrane transport proteins, such as channel or carrier proteins, to move substances from higher to lower concentration.
• This process is a type of passive transport, so it does not require cellular energy (ATP).

Additional information:

• Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient and usually requires energy.
• Simple diffusion occurs directly through the membrane without transport proteins.

Last verified on 27-10-2026

Explanation

• In RNA, the nitrogenous base uracil (U) replaces thymine (T).
• This change means RNA contains the bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).
• DNA contains adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Last verified on 31-10-2026

Explanation

• During photosynthesis, water molecules are split in the light-dependent reactions. This process is called photolysis.
• The oxygen released into the atmosphere comes from water (H₂O).
• The splitting of water also provides electrons and hydrogen ions needed for photosynthesis.

Last verified on 31-10-2026

Explanation

• Infrared waves are used in night vision equipment.
• They detect heat emitted by objects.
• It allowing visibility in low-light conditions.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• Paschen, Brackett, Pfund, Humphreys = Infrared

Additional information:

• Lyman series = Ultraviolet
• Balmer series = Visible

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• The value of Planck's constant is 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js.
• This constant is fundamental in quantum mechanics.
• It relating the energy of a photon to its frequency.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• James Chadwick is known for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.

Additional information:

• Proton: Protons were discovered by Ernest Rutherford, before neutrons.
• Electron: Electrons were discovered by J.J. Thomson, much earlier than protons or neutrons.
• Positron: A positron is the antiparticle of an electron, and it was discovered by Carl Anderson in 1932.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• Mass and Length are base quantities in SI units.
• Length SI Unit: meter (m)
• Mass SI Unit: kilogram (kg)

Additional information:

Base Quantities in SI System:

• Time (second)
• Electric current (ampere)
• Temperature (kelvin)

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• A voltmeter measures potential difference (voltage) between two points in a circuit.
• To do this correctly, it must be connected in parallel with the component across which the voltage is to be measured.

Last verified on 28-10-2026

Explanation

• An ammeter measures the electric current flowing through a circuit.
• It is connected in series so that the same current flowing through the circuit also passes through the ammeter.
• An ammeter has very low resistance to minimize its effect on the current being measured.

Additional information:

• A voltmeter, in contrast, is connected in parallel to measure the potential difference across a component.

Last verified on 28-10-2026