Explanation

According to Graham’s law of diffusion, gases with lower molar mass diffuse faster.

Neon (molar mass 20 g/mol) is lighter than CO₂ (44 g/mol), so it diffuses more quickly.

Explanation

Isotonic solutions have equal osmotic pressure, which depends on molar concentration of solute particles.

Thus, solutions with the same molar concentration (not just molarity/normality) are isotonic.

Explanation

Osmotic pressure (π) is directly proportional to solute concentration (π = iCRT).

More solute molecules → higher concentration → greater osmotic pressure.

Explanation

Activated carbon has a large surface area that adsorbs odors, colors, and chemical impurities from water.

It does not disinfect water or filter out large solids; its main role is purification by adsorption.

Explanation

Calorie is a larger unit of energy.

1 Calorie ≈ 4.184 Joules.

1 Joule = 10⁷ Ergs.

1 Electron Volt (eV) = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ Joules.

Calorie is commonly used to measure energy in food and metabolic processes.

Explanation

Diffusion is the process by which gas molecules move from an area of higher concentration (kitchen) to lower concentration (other rooms).

This random molecular motion spreads the smell of cooking throughout the house.

Explanation

In HCl, hydrogen and chlorine share one pair of electrons, forming a single covalent bond.

The bond is polar covalent because chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen.

Explanation

A neutron is slightly heavier than a proton, while an electron is much lighter.

This extra mass makes the neutron the heaviest among the three fundamental particles.

Explanation

Charles’s law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

Boyle’s law relates pressure and volume.

Avogadro’s law relates volume and moles.

Dalton’s law deals with partial pressures.

Explanation