Explanation

• Sputnik-1 was launched by the USSR (Soviet Union) on 4 October 1957.
• It was the world's first artificial satellite, beginning of the Space Age.
• It started the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States.
• Launch Site: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
• Weight: 83.6 kg
• Orbital Period: About 96 minutes

Last verified on 09-03-2026

Explanation

John McCarthy is recognized as the father of Artificial Intelligence due to his astounding contribution in the field of Computer Science.

John McCarthy was an American computer scientist

Note: Artificial Intelligence is a branch of Computer science, which aims to create intelligent machines so that machine can think intelligently in the same manner as a human does.

Explanation

• A Fathometer is used to measure the depth of the ocean, sea, or any body of water.
• It determines the distance from the water surface to the seabed.
• The instrument works using sound waves (echo sounding).
• It measures the time taken for sound waves to travel to the seabed and return.

Additional information:

• Galvanometer → Measures electric current
• Barometer → Measures atmospheric pressure
• Thermometer → Measures temperature
• Hygrometer → Measures humidity

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Albert Einstein explained the Photoelectric Effect in 1905 by proposing that light consists of tiny particles called photons.
• He showed that electrons are emitted from a metal surface when light of sufficient frequency falls on it.
• His explanation supported Quantum Theory.
• Einstein received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for this discovery.

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Freezing Point: 0°C
• Fahrenheit: 32°F
• Kelvin: 273.15 K

Additional information:

• Boiling Point: 100°C (212°F or 373.15 K)
• Standard Atmospheric Pressure: 1 atm (760 mmHg)

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Boiling point of water: 100°C
• Freezing point of water: 0°C
• Standard atmospheric pressure: 1 atm (760 mmHg)
• 0°C = 32°F
• 100°C = 212°F

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• The laws of magnetic induction were given by Michael Faraday.
• Faraday proposed these laws in 1831 after discovering electromagnetic induction.
• The laws explain that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor.
• These laws are the foundation of electric generators and transformers.

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Convex lenses are known as Converging lenses.
• Because they bring parallel light rays to a single focal point.
• A convex lens is thicker at the center and thinner at the edges.
• It forms real and inverted images when the object is beyond the focal length.
• It can also produce a virtual, erect, and magnified image when the object is placed within the focal length.

Additional information:

• Concave lens is also called a diverging lens.

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

• Volt (V) is the SI unit of potential difference (voltage).
• Potential difference is the electrical force that causes current to flow through a conductor.
• It is measured using a voltmeter.
• The SI unit is named after Alessandro Volta.

Additional information:

• Electric Current: Ampere (A)
• Resistance: Ohm (Ω)
• Power: Watt (W)
• Charge: Coulomb (C)

Last verified on 03-06-2026

Explanation

• Veal is the meat from young calves.
• It can come from calves of either sex and any breed.

Last verified on 03-07-2026