Explanation

• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
• It takes place mainly in the chloroplasts, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
• Carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose, and oxygen is released as a by-product.

Last verified on 08-11-2026

Explanation

• Chromosomes are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
• They are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins.
• They carry genetic information.
• They help ensure the accurate distribution of genetic material during cell division.

Last verified on 01-10-2026

Explanation

• Viruses are non-cellular and obligate intracellular parasites.
• They cannot carry out life processes or reproduce without a living host cell.
• Viruses contain either DNA or RNA.
• They are considered to be at the boundary between living and non-living.
• The branch of science that studies viruses is called Virology.

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• Chlorophyll is the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
• It captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy to make food.

• Plants use chlorophyll to produce glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis.
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and b, which absorb sunlight.

Last verified on 22-01-2026

Explanation

• The majority of nutrient absorption in the digestive system occurs in the small intestine,
• Where the final stages of digestion take place.
• This organ's structure, featuring villi and microvilli, creates a large surface area optimized for absorbing digested nutrients and most water into the bloodstream.

Last verified on 08-11-2026

Explanation

• Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed.
• They are mainly made of proteins.
• They are highly specific to their reactions.

Additional information:

• Some enzymes require cofactors like vitamins or metal ions to function.
• Examples: Amylase (breaks starch), Lipase (breaks fats), Protease (breaks proteins).

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Diffusion is the process where particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
• Ink spreads evenly in water due to molecular motion, resulting in uniform distribution.

Last verified on 08-11-2026

Explanation

• Sunlight provides the energy required for photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll in plant leaves absorbs light energy, which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
• Oxygen is released as a by-product of photosynthesis.
• Plants are called producers because they prepare their own food using sunlight.

Last verified on 08-11-2026

Explanation

• The cell was first coined by an English scientist Robert Hooke in the year 1665.
• Later the cell theory was given by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.

Last verified on 08-11-2026

Explanation

• Plants need gas exchange for photosynthesis and respiration.
• Exchange of CO₂, O₂, and water vapor occurs through stomata on leaves.
• Stomata are tiny pores controlled by guard cells.

Additional information:

• Helps maintain internal water balance and gas diffusion.
• Essential for growth, energy production, and transpiration.

Last verified on 22-01-2026