Explanation

• Ascorbic Acid is commonly known as Vitamin C.
• It is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.
• Prevents scurvy, a disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency.

Additional information:

Sources of Vitamin C (5):

1. Orange
2. Lemon
3. Guava
4. Strawberry
5. Bell pepper

Functions:

• Antioxidant
• Collagen synthesis
• Strengthens immunity

Last verified on 19-01-2026

Explanation

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) was first identified in 20 May 1983

By researchers Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi in France.

Their discovery linked HIV to AIDS, leading to significant advancements in understanding and managing the disease.

Explanation

H5N1 is a type of influenza virus

Causes a highly infectious

Also known as avian influenza.

Occurs mainly in birds, is highly contagious among birds, and can be deadly, especially in domestic poultry

Explanation

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere.

It extends from the Earth’s surface up to about 8–15 km (varies with latitude).

All weather phenomena like rain, clouds, and storms occur in this layer.

It contains approximately 75–80% of the atmosphere’s mass.

The temperature in the troposphere decreases with altitude.

Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or older metamorphic rocks).

They are changed by high heat and/or pressure without melting.

Common examples include marble (from limestone) and gneiss (from granite).

The process is called metamorphism, meaning “change in form.”

Explanation

Sunlight is composed of a spectrum of light 

A spectrum revealed by Isaac Newton using a prism

That includes seven colors, which are (ROYGBIV)

1. Red
2. Orange
3. Yellow
4. Green
5. Blue
6. Indigo
7. Violet

Explanation

Explanation

The study of the universe's origin, nature, and evolution is called Cosmology

Edwin Powell Hubble is called the father of Cosmology.

The term cosmology was first used in English in 1656 in Thomas Blount's Glossographia, with the meaning of "a speaking of the world"

Explanation

Etymology is the study of the origin of words.

At its most basic level, etymology is the study of a word's history

Explanation

Herodotus is called the Father of History.

Additional information:

• Born: 484 BC, Halicarnassus (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey)
• Died: 425 BC, Thurii, Italy
• Famous Work: Histories – detailed accounts of Greco-Persian Wars
• Contribution: First to collect, verify, and narrate historical events systematically

Last verified on 18-01-2026