Explanation

• Arid agriculture refers to farming in dry or arid regions with low rainfall.
• Focuses on water conservation and drought-resistant crops.
• Common in deserts and semi-arid areas.
• Requires techniques like drip irrigation, mulching, and soil management.
• Helps sustain food production in harsh climates.

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Seed cotton refers to cotton picked from the plant with its seeds and attached fibers (lint).
• It is the raw form of cotton before ginning.
• After ginning, seeds are separated from lint.
• Used as the first step in cotton processing.
• Important for textile industry and seed oil production.

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Devaluation means a deliberate decrease in the official value of a country’s currency.
• Usually done by the government or central bank.
• Helps boost exports by making them cheaper internationally.
• Can increase import costs.
• Common in countries facing trade deficits.

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• A predator is a free-living animal that catches and kills another animal.
  • It feeds on other organisms for energy.
  • This relationship is called predation.
  • Common in natural food chains.
  • Predators help control prey populations.
  • Example: Lion, Tiger, Wolf, Eagle, Shark

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Water stress means plants face abnormal water conditions.
• It can be due to too little water (shortage) or too much water (water logging).
• Both conditions disturb normal plant growth.
• It reduces yield and plant health.

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Full Form: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• Field: Chemistry / Physics / Medical Imaging
• First Developed: 1940s
• Key Scientists: Felix Bloch & Edward Purcell
• Main Purpose: Structure analysis of compounds

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Inqlab-91 is a well-known wheat cultivar developed in Pakistan.
• It was released in 1991 for high yield and adaptability.
• It became popular in Punjab and other wheat-growing areas.

Additional information:

• Sehar-2006
• Faisalabad-2008
• Galaxy-2013
• Punjab-2011

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Full Form: International Fund for Agricultural Development
• Founded: 1977
• Headquarters: Rome, Italy
• Purpose: Provide financial and technical assistance to rural poor to improve agriculture and livelihoods
• Activities: Smallholder farmer support, rural infrastructure, climate-smart agriculture

Last verified on 05-02-2026

Explanation

• Full Form: International Board for Plant Genetic Resources
• Founded: 1974
• Headquarters: Rome, Italy
• Purpose: Conservation, collection, and documentation of plant genetic resources worldwide
• Activities: Seed banks, research on crop diversity, and training programs

Last verified on 05-02-2026

Explanation

• Definition: Process where mRNA sequence is decoded to make a protein
• Location: Ribosomes in cytoplasm (or rough ER in eukaryotes)
• Inputs: mRNA, tRNA, amino acids, ribosomes
• Steps: Initiation → Elongation → Termination
• Outcome: Polypeptide chain (protein) is formed according to mRNA code

Last verified on 05-02-2026