Explanation

• Zarkhaiz Pakistan is a program on Radio Pakistan aimed at farmers.
• It provides agriculture tips, market updates, and farming advice.

Additional information:

• Covers topics like crop diseases, fertilizers, and modern techniques.
• Helps farmers improve crop production and income.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Wheat cultivars are developed to suit different environmental conditions.
• Inqlab is a drought-tolerant wheat variety, suitable for barani (rainfed) areas.

Additional information:

• Inqlab matures in short to medium duration (~110–115 days).
• It is resistant to rust diseases, making it ideal for rainfed farming.

Last verified on 24-01-2026

Explanation

• Farm management deals with the planning and efficient use of farm resources.
• Its main aim is to increase income and reduce unnecessary costs.

Additional information:

• Farm management focuses on optimum use of land, labor, and capital.
• It helps farmers make better decisions.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Saline-sodic and sodic soils have excess sodium, which harms soil structure and crop growth.
• These soils require chemical amendments to replace sodium with calcium.
• Gypsum, sulfur, and sulfuric acid are commonly used for reclamation.

Additional information:

Amendments used for sodic soil reclamation:

• Gypsum – supplies calcium directly
• Sulfur – converts into sulfuric acid in soil
• Sulfuric acid – reacts with calcium carbonate
• Pyrite – slow-release sulfur source
• Organic matter – improves soil structure

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• Seed treatment involves applying chemicals or bio-agents to seeds before sowing.
• It helps protect seeds from fungi, bacteria, and viruses, ensuring healthy germination.

Additional information:

• Treated seeds germinate uniformly and reduce early crop losses, improving overall yield.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Puddling is the process of plowing rice fields under standing water to create a soft, muddy layer.
• It helps to reduce deep water percolation, keeping water near the root zone for better crop growth.

Additional information:

• Puddling also breaks soil clods and improves seedbed for transplanting rice seedlings efficiently.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Winnowing is the process of separating lighter chaff from heavier grains using wind or air flow.
• It is usually done after threshing to clean the harvested crop.

Additional information:

• Threshing: Separates grain from the stalk or husk
• Sieving: Removes dust or smaller particles from grains

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Ratooning is a method where after harvesting the mature cane, the stubbles are left in the field to produce new shoots (ratoons).
• It reduces the need for replanting and saves time and labor.

Additional information:

• Ratooning can produce 2–3 additional crops before replanting becomes necessary.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Field capacity is the amount of water a soil can hold after excess water has drained.
• Clay soil has fine particles and high water-holding capacity, making it retain more water.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Tillage is the mechanical preparation of soil to loosen, aerate, and level it for planting.
• It primarily improves soil structure, allowing better root growth and water infiltration.

Additional information:

• Proper tillage also helps in weed control and residue incorporation, contributing to overall crop health.

Last verified on 27-01-2026