Explanation

• Famous field: Medicine
• His famous medical work Kitab al-Hawi (The Comprehensive Book of Medicine) was widely influential.
• He also wrote an important treatise distinguishing smallpox and measles.

Additional information:

• Full name: Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi
• Born: c. 865 CE, Rayy, Persia
• Died: c. 925 CE

Last verified on 08-10-2026

Explanation

• Afforestation is the process of planting trees in an area where there were no previous forests.
• It helps in combating climate change, preventing soil erosion, and improving biodiversity.

Last verified on 07-10-2026

Explanation

• Gene Definition: Basic physical and functional unit of heredity
• Location: Found on chromosomes within DNA
• Function: Codes for proteins or RNA molecules that determine traits
• Types: Structural genes (proteins), regulatory genes (control expression)
• Inheritance: Passed from parents to offspring during reproduction

Last verified on 05-02-2026

Explanation

• Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves.
• Water mainly escapes through tiny pores called stomata present on the leaves.
• Transpiration helps in the movement of water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
• It also helps in cooling the plant.

Additional information:

• Absorption → Taking in water and minerals
• Respiration → Releasing energy from food
• Photosynthesis → Preparation of food

Last verified on 05-10-2026

Explanation

• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their food.
• Plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose.
• Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and helps in the process.
• Oxygen is released as a by-product.

Last verified on 06-10-2026

Explanation

• Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• TB bacteria usually attack the lungs, but they can also affect other parts of the body.
• TB may affect the kidneys, spine, and brain.
• Tuberculosis (تپِ دق) is a serious infectious disease that commonly affects the lungs.

Last verified on 06-10-2026

Explanation

• Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are the main requirements for photosynthesis.
• Green plants use chlorophyll to absorb sunlight.

Additional information:

• Glucose is a product of photosynthesis.
• Oxygen is mainly released as a by-product.

Last verified on 06-10-2026

Explanation

• Human bones are mainly composed of calcium and phosphate, primarily in the form of calcium phosphate.
• Calcium gives bones strength and hardness.
• Phosphate also plays an important role in maintaining strong bones and teeth.
• The major mineral in bone is hydroxyapatite, a calcium-phosphate compound.

Last verified on 06-10-2026

Explanation

• Cell biology  is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells.
• All living organisms are made of cells.
• Also cellular biology or cytology
  

Explanation

• Sericulture is the farming or rearing of silkworms for the production of silk.
• The most commonly cultivated silkworm is Bombyx mori.
• Silkworms feed mainly on mulberry leaves and produce silk fibers to form their cocoons.

Additional information:

• Apiculture: Rearing of honeybees for honey and other products.
• Agriculture: Cultivation of crops and raising of animals.
• Pisciculture: Farming or breeding of fish.

Last verified on 05-10-2026