Explanation

NaOH reacts with animal/vegetable fats in a process called saponification, producing soap and glycerol.

Because of its corrosive nature and use in soap-making, it is commonly called caustic soda.

Explanation

Elemental sodium can lose electrons very easily so it acts as strong reducing agent. Na(s) → Na+ + e−

It dissolves in liquid ammonia giving out a conducting and reducing solution. 

It cannot be prepared by electrolysing sodium chloride solution in water as sodium reacts violently with water.

Explanation

Step 1: Find moles from volume at STP
At STP, 1 mole of gas = 22.414 L = 22414 mL.
Given volume = 22.414 mL = 0.022414 L.

Moles $n=\frac{0.022414}{22.414}=0.001$ mol.

Step 2: Find molar mass
Mass = 0.078 g, moles = 0.001 mol.

$$\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">M</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">o</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">l</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">a</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">r</font></b>}\text{<b><font color="\#0000ff"> </font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">m</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">a</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">s</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">s</font></b>}<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">=</font></b>\frac{\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">0.078</font></b>}}{\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">0.001</font></b>}}<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">=</font></b>\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">78</font></b>}\text{<b><font color="\#0000ff"> g/mol</font></b>}\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">.</font></b>}$$

Step 3: Use empirical formula CH
Empirical formula mass of CH = 12 + 1 = 13 g/mol.

$$\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">n</font></b>}<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">=</font></b>\frac{\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">78</font></b>}}{\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">13</font></b>}}<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">=</font></b>\mathrm{<b><font\; color="\#0000ff">6.</font></b>}$$

Molecular formula = $(\text{CH}{)}_6=C_6{H}_6$.

Explanation

In mass spectrometry, ions are separated based on their mass/charge (m/e) ratio.

The relative abundance of each ion is measured by the ion current produced when ions strike the detector.

Explanation

The diameter of an atom is in the order of 0.2 nanometers (nm), or 200 picometers (pm), which is equivalent to 2 x 10^-10 meters.

Explanation

Explanation

Heat → transfer of energy due to temperature difference.

Work → transfer of energy due to force applied through a distance (e.g., expansion, compression).

Explanation

The correct formula of Prussian blue is:

Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃·xH₂O.

It is a dark blue pigment formed by the reaction of ferric ions (Fe³⁺) with ferrocyanide ions [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻

Explanation

The RMS speed (Crms) of a gas is given by:

Crms = √3RT/M

where R = gas constant, T = temperature (K), M = molar mass.

Explanation

Half-life = 50 days

After 1 half-life (50 days) → 50% remains.

After 2 half-lives (100 days) → 50% of 50% = 25% remains