Explanation

The IUPAC name of iso-octane is 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. 

Explanation

The dual character of matter particles in motion was postulated by De Broglie. 

Louis de Broglie proposed the idea that particles like electrons could behave not only as particles but also as waves, a concept known as wave-particle duality

Explanation

In Bohr's model, electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus.

When an electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, it absorbs energy

Conversely, when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, it emits energy.

This energy is emitted as a photon of light with a specific wavelength, corresponding to a specific frequency. 

Explanation

The constant (often represented as 'k' or 'A') in Charles's Law is dependent on the amount of gas (number of moles) and the pressure.

It essentially represents the proportionality between volume and temperature when pressure is kept constant. 

Explanation

The force of attraction between helium atoms is the London dispersion force. 

Helium is a non-polar noble gas, so the only force of attraction between its atoms is the weak London dispersion force, which arises from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution. 

Explanation

Sand, particularly silica sand (SiO₂), is the primary raw material used in glass making.

When heated to high temperatures, silica melts and forms glass upon cooling.

Explanation

Aluminium burns in oxygen with a brilliant white flame, producing aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃).

This reaction is highly exothermic.

It is often seen in thermite reactions and metal combustion demonstrations.

Explanation

Ethylene oxide is used to produce glycols and other intermediates, which are ingredients in lipsticks for smooth texture and consistency.

It contributes to the emulsifying agents and solvents used in cosmetic formulations like lipstick for better blend and stability.

Explanation

At extremely low temperatures, helium-4 becomes a superfluid, a state with zero viscosity.

In this state, it can flow without friction, even climbing walls of containers — a quantum phenomenon.

Explanation

The Born-Haber cycle is best example of Hess's law. 

The Born-Haber cycle uses the concept of Hess's law to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound by breaking down the formation of the compound into several smaller, easier-to-quantify steps