Explanation

• Aluminium is more reactive than silver.
• Aluminium forms very stable compounds with oxygen.
• Therefore, it requires electrolysis for extraction.
• Silver is less reactive and is easier to extract from its ores.
• Hence, aluminium extraction is more difficult than silver extraction.

Explanation

• The sum of the powers (exponents) of reactant concentrations in the rate law gives the reaction order.
• For example: Rate = k[A]^2[B]
• Overall order = 2 + 1 = 3.
• Reaction order shows how the rate depends on concentration.
• It is determined experimentally, not directly from the balanced chemical equation.

Explanation

• The nucleus is the central core of an atom.
• It contains protons and neutrons.
• Protons have a positive charge.
• Neutrons have no charge.
• Electrons move around the nucleus.

Explanation

• Ammonia is produced by the Haber process.
• The reaction is: N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃.
• There are 4 moles of gas on the left and 2 moles on the right.
• Increasing pressure shifts the equilibrium toward ammonia.
• Therefore, higher pressure increases ammonia production.

Explanation

• Crystallography is the branch of science devoted to the study of molecular and crystalline structure and properties.
• Tools: Scientists use techniques like X-ray diffraction to see these hidden patterns.
• Applications: It helps us understand minerals, metals, and medicines like proteins.

Explanation

Given ratio = Nitrogen : Sulphur : Phosphorus = 5 : 3 : 2  

Total parts = 5 + 3 + 2 = 10  

Total weight = 200 kg  

Value of 1 part = Total weight / Total parts  

= 200 / 10 = 20 kg  

Initial weight of Nitrogen = 5 x 20 = 100 kg  

Initial weight of Sulphur = 3 x 20 = 60 kg  

Initial weight of Phosphorus = 2 x 20 = 40 kg  

100 kg of Nitrogen is added.  

New weight of Nitrogen = 100 + 100 = 200 kg  

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Explanation

• Cast iron pipes are strong and durable.
• They are mainly used for underground water-supply lines.
• They can withstand high water pressure.
• They have a long service life.
• They are suitable for large and permanent water-supply systems

Explanation

• Plain Sedimentation (4–8 hours): Relies purely on gravity for natural particle settling.
• Coagulation-Sedimentation (2–4 hours): Uses chemical coagulants to accelerate particle clumping and settling.
• Detention Time Formula: Calculated as (T =V/Q), dividing tank volume (V) by flow rate (Q) [KETOS].

Explanation

• Montague fall is a type of canal fall.
• It uses a parabolic glacis for energy dissipation.
• The parabolic shape helps control high-velocity flow.
• It converts excess energy and reduces scouring.
• It is used in irrigation canal systems.

Explanation

• Oxygen reacts with most elements to produce binary compounds called oxides.
• An oxide is a compound formed when oxygen combines with another element.
• Oxides may be metallic or non-metallic depending on the element involved.
• Examples include CO₂ (carbon dioxide), MgO (magnesium oxide), and Fe₂O₃ (iron oxide).
• Oxides can have acidic, basic, or amphoteric properties.

Last verified on 12-08-2026