Explanation

The process of taking air into the lungs is known as inspiration or inhalation, and the process of breathing it out is expiration or exhalation.

Air is inhaled through the mouth or the nose.

The sequence of air passage during inhalation is as follows:

Nostrils→pharynx→larynx→trachea→alveoli

Explanation

The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms, including animals and humans.

It is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently.

Explanation

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

They are essential for various physiological processes, including digestion and metabolism.

Explanation

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body, making up 1.5 to 2% of the total body weight.

Approximately 1,200 g of calcium is present in the body of an adult human; more than 99% of that amount is found in bones.

Explanation

The primary nutrient stored in the liver is glycogen.

Additionally, the liver also stores vitamins (like vitamin A and vitamin B12) and minerals (like iron), but glycogen is the primary nutrient stored in large amounts.

Explanation

The seat of memory in the human brain is located in the cerebrum.

The cerebrum, particularly the hippocampus within it, plays a crucial role in memory formation and storage.

Explanation

Ophthalmology is a branch of medical science dealing with the structure, functions, and diseases of the eye.

Ophthalmology means امراض چشم

Explanation

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced and secreted by the parathyroid glands, which are located behind the thyroid gland in the neck.

PTH regulates blood calcium levels by stimulating"

• bone cells (osteoclasts) to release calcium from bones
• increasing calcium absorption in the intestines
• reducing calcium excretion in the kidneys. 
  

Explanation

The human brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum.

Cerebrum:

The largest part, responsible for higher brain functions like thought, memory, and voluntary movement.

Brainstem:

Controls basic life functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Cerebellum:

Coordinates movement and balance.

Explanation

Nutrients, particularly glycogen (a form of glucose), are primarily stored in the liver.

It releases glucose into the bloodstream when needed to maintain blood sugar levels and provide energy for the body.

The liver's role is crucial in managing nutrient availability and maintaining metabolic balance.