Explanation

• JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.
• JPEG is a common digital image compression and file format.
• The name comes from the organization that developed the standard.
• JPEG is widely used for photographs and web images.
• Its common file extensions are .jpg and .jpeg.

Last updated by NA on 04-11-2026

Explanation

• LCD = Liquid Crystal Display
• LCD is a flat-panel display technology.
• It is used in televisions, computer monitors, smartphones, calculators, and other electronic devices.
• It uses liquid crystals to control light and produce images.

Last verified on 07-09-2026

Explanation

• USB stands for Universal Serial Bus.
• USB is a standard used to connect and transfer data between electronic devices.
• A USB flash drive is a data storage device that uses flash memory with an integrated USB interface.
• Ajay Bhatt is widely credited as a key figure in the development of USB technology in the 1990s.

Last verified on 05-09-2026

Explanation

• TCL stands for Transaction Control Language.
• It is a part of SQL (Structured Query Language).
• TCL is used to manage transactions in a database.
• Common TCL commands include COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT.

Last verified on 05-09-2026

Explanation

• SIM stands for Subscriber Identity Module.
• A SIM card securely stores the subscriber's identity and enables access to a mobile network.

Additional information:

• First SIM card developed: 1991
• Invented in: Munich, Germany
• Manufacturer: Giesecke+Devrient (G+D)
• PIN: Personal Identification Number
• PUK: Personal Unblocking Key

Last verified on 22-07-2026

Explanation

• ROM stands for Read Only Memory.
• It is a type of non-volatile memory.
• So its contents are retained when power is turned off.
• ROM stores important instructions such as firmware and boot instructions.

Additional information:

• RAM → Random Access Memory
• PROM → Programmable Read Only Memory
• EPROM → Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Last verified on 08-08-2026

Explanation

• LAN stands for Local Area Network.
• It is a network that connects devices within a limited geographical area.
• LAN is commonly used in homes, schools, laboratories, university campuses, and office buildings.
• It provides high-speed communication and resource sharing between connected devices.

Additional information:

• MAN: Metropolitan Area Network – Covers a city or metropolitan area
• WAN: Wide Area Network – Covers a large geographical area (countries/continents)

Last verified on 07-07-2026

Explanation

• TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol.
• It is one of the main protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite.
• It was introduced in 1974.
• Robert Kahn and Vint Cerf are recognized as key inventors/developers of TCP/IP.

Last verified on 03-09-2026

Explanation

• NTC stands for National Telecommunication Corporation.
• It is a government-owned telecom organization of Pakistan.
• NTC was established in 1996.
• It provides telecommunications and ICT services, particularly to government institutions.

Last verified on 02-09-2026

Explanation

• "CD" most commonly stands for Compact Disc
• Used for storing digital audio, software programs, documents, and videos
• Origin: Co-developed by Philips and Sony, introduced in the early 1980s

Last updated by NA on 26 April 2026