Explanation

• Machine language is the basic language directly understood by the computer's CPU.
• It uses binary digits (0 and 1).
• The basic components are instructions and data.
• Instructions tell the CPU what operation to perform.

Explanation

• First computer program: Ada Lovelace’s algorithm (1843) for Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine.
  • First widely used high-level programming language: FORTRAN (1957).
  • Machine Language: The earliest machine-level programming language, using binary 0s and 1s.

Last updated by NA on 04-11-2026

Explanation

• A Client Operating System is designed for personal computers and end users.
• It is used for daily tasks like browsing, gaming, and office work.
• Windows 10 is a popular client OS by Microsoft.
• It runs on desktops and laptops.

Last verified on 26-05-2026

Explanation

• PrtScn captures a picture of the screen.
• The screenshot is copied to the clipboard.
• It can then be pasted using Ctrl + V.

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Explanation

• A computer program that translates one program instruction at a time into machine language is called an Interpreter.
• Interpreters are commonly associated with languages such as Python, JavaScript, and BASIC.

Additional information:

• Compiler: Translates the complete program before execution.
• Assembler: Converts assembly language into machine code.
• Machine Language: Uses binary instructions understood directly by the computer.

Last verified on 10-08-2026

Explanation

The basic components of a machine language program are:

• Instructions: Tell the computer what operations to perform.
• Data: The information on which the instructions operate.
• Machine language uses binary digits (0s and 1s).
• It is directly understood by the CPU.

Explanation

• Coded entries used to gain access to a computer system are called passwords.
• Definition: A secret string of letters, numbers, or symbols.
• Purpose: User verification and account security.

Last verified on 07-08-2026

Explanation

• A strong password should contain a combination of letters, numbers and special characters.
• Alphabetic characters: A–Z, a–z
• Numeric characters: 0–9
• Special characters: @, #, $, %, !
• Strong password: Long, unique, and difficult to guess.

Last verified on 05-10-2026

Explanation

• Flash memory is a type of EEPROM that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed in blocks.
• It is non-volatile memory, meaning it retains data even when power is turned off.
• It is widely used in USB drives, SSDs, and memory cards.

Last verified on 05-10-2026

Explanation

• Bill Gates is the co-founder of Microsoft, along with Paul Allen in 1975.
• He is an American businessman, software developer, and philanthropist.
• He belongs to the United States of America (USA).
• He was conferred the Hilal-e-Pakistan on February 17, 2022, for his services in public health and philanthropy.

Last verified on 05-10-2026