Explanation

Jinnah gave his points in order to safeguard and protect the rights and interests of Muslims in March 1929.

Muhammad Ali Johar helped Quaid e Azam in preparation for fourteen points 

Nehru report presented in 1928

Jinnah’s Fourteen Points presented in 1929

1.      Federal constitution with residual powers with the provinces.

2.      Provincial autonomy.

3.      No constitutional amendment without the agreement of the states.

4.      All legislatures and elected bodies to have adequate Muslim representation without reducing Muslim majority in a province to minority or equality.

5.      Adequate Muslim representation of Muslims in the services and in self-governing bodies.

6.      1/3rd representation of Muslims in the Central Legislature.

7.      1/3rd Muslim members in the central and state cabinets.

8.      Separate electorates.

9.      No bill to be passed in any legislature if 3/4th of a minority community considers it against its interests.

10.   Any reorganisation of territories not to affect the Muslim majority in Bengal, Punjab and the NWFP.

11.   Separation of Sindh from Bombay Presidency.

12.   Constitutional reforms in the NWFP and Baluchistan.

13.   Full religious freedom for all communities.

14.   Protection of the religious, cultural, educational and language rights of Muslims.

ND23-4-2023

Explanation

The Indian Councils Act 1909, commonly known as the Morley–Minto or Minto–Morley Reforms

The Indian Councils Act 1909,  was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom

The Indian Councils Act (1909) followed discussions between John Morley, Secretary of State for India (1905–14), and Lord Minto, viceroy (1905–10).

ND28-4-2023

Explanation

Warren Hastings was governor general of Bengal from 1772 to 1785.

Confused Questions

First Governor of Bengal:

Robert Clive

first Governor-General of Bengal was

Warren Hastings

first Governor-General of India was

William Bentinck

Who was the first viceroy of India?

Lord Canning

Who was the last Viceroy of India?

Lord Mountbatten

Explanation

Government of India Act 1935 adopted as Pakistan's first constitution in 1947.

The Government of India Act was a total failure as it was not able to give what it had proposed.

Act of 1935 consisted of 321 sections

The concept of dyarchy that was brought proved to be wrong and also the act was opposed by the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.

Explanation

Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar studied at Aligarh Muslim University (AMU).

It was originally known as Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College.

It was founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1875 and became AMU in 1920.

Explanation

Bengal is where Titu Mir worked for the Muslim peasants.

He led a movement against oppressive landlords and British colonial authorities in the early 19th century.

Titu Mir is also known as Syed Mir Nisar Ali.

Explanation

• Warren Hastings was the first Governor General of India, serving from 1773 to 1785.
• Lord Canning was the last Governor General, serving until 1858 when the British crown took direct control.

Explanation

ü  The first official Governor-General of British India was Lord William Bentinck,

ü  The first Governor-General of the Dominion of India was Lord Mountbatten.

Explanation

Chaudhary Rahmat Ali The man who conceived the idea of Pakistan".

Choudhry Rahmat Ali
چودھری رحمت علی
Born	16 November 1897 Garhshankar, Punjab, British India
Died	3 February 1951 (aged 53) Cambridge, England
Nationality	British Pakistani
Academic background
Notable works	"Pakistan Declaration"
Notable ideas	Conception of "Pakistan"

Explanation

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan started Ali Garh School in 1875

Ali Garh school converted into College 1877

Ali Garh College was converted into a University in 1920

Additional information:

M.A.O college was to provide education to Muslims & Non-Muslims

Henry Siddons was the headmaster of the M.A.O school

Lord Lytton inaugurated M.A.O College in 1877

In MAO Intermediate classes were started in 1878

in 1881 B.A. degree classes were added.