Explanation

• HCHO (formaldehyde) is an aldehyde and gives a positive Tollens' test.
• Tollens' reagent oxidizes the aldehyde and reduces silver ions to metallic silver.
• A shiny silver mirror forms on the inner wall of the test tube.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• Ethanol gives a positive iodoform test when treated with iodine and sodium hydroxide.
• A yellow precipitate of iodoform (CHI₃) is formed.
• Iodoform has a characteristic antiseptic smell.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• For a first-order reaction, the rate constant has the unit of inverse time.
• Its SI unit is s⁻¹.
• The unit remains the same regardless of the concentration unit used.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• 2-chloro-2-methylpropane is a tertiary alkyl halide.
• A polar solvent stabilizes the carbocation formed when chloride leaves the molecule.
• The carbocation then loses a proton, forming an alkene through the E1 mechanism.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum, is a giant covalent network solid.
• Silicon and carbon atoms are connected by strong covalent bonds in a three-dimensional structure.
• It is extremely hard and has a high melting point.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• The rate of an SN2 reaction depends on the concentrations of both the substrate and the nucleophile.
• It is a bimolecular reaction involving both species in the rate-determining step.
• Rate law: Rate = k[Substrate][Nucleophile].

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• In F₂, the sigma bond is formed by the head-on overlap of two half-filled 2p orbitals.

Additional information:

• In H₂, the sigma bond forms through 1s–1s overlap.
• In HF and HCl, the sigma bonds form through overlap of hydrogen's 1s orbital with a p orbital of the halogen.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• Caproic acid is the common name for hexanoic acid.
• It contains six carbon atoms, including the carbon atom of the carboxyl group (–COOH).
• Its molecular formula is C₆H₁₂O₂, also written as C₅H₁₁COOH.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• The principal quantum number (n) indicates the main energy level. For a 6p orbital, n = 6.
• The azimuthal quantum number (l) identifies the subshell: s = 0, p = 1, d = 2, and f = 3.
• Therefore, a 6p orbital has n = 6 and l = 1.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• A geminal dihalide has two halogen atoms attached to the same carbon atom.
• In CH₂=C(Cl)₂, both chlorine atoms are attached to the same carbon atom.

Additional information:

• A vicinal dihalide has two halogen atoms attached to adjacent carbon atoms.

Last verified on 30-10-2026