EVERYDAY SCIENCE
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
فاسفورس پینٹا کلورائیڈ کی مستحکم سالماتی ساخت بنانے کے لیے مرکزی ایٹم کس قسم کی ہائبرڈائزیشن اختیار کرتا ہے؟
sp-hybridization
dsp³-hybridization
sp³-hybridization
None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
In the traditional valence-bond model , phosphorus in PCl₅ undergoes dsp³ (sp³d) hybridization. PCl₅ has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry, with three chlorine atoms in equatorial positions and two in axial positions. The three equatorial bonds are separated by 120° . While the axial bonds are at 90° to the equatorial bonds and 180° to each other. Last verified on 27-10-2026
ایٹمی مداروں کے غیر سمتی اوورلیپنگ کی بنیاد پر کس مالیکیول کی مستحکم سالماتی ساخت کی وضاحت کی جاتی ہے؟
Methanol
Dihydrogen
Methane
None of these
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Explanation
Dihydrogen (H₂) forms when two hydrogen 1s atomic orbitals overlap head-on, creating a sigma (σ) bond . The 1s orbitals are spherical, so their overlap is non-directional . The H₂ molecule is linear . It has no bond angle to define. Last verified on 27-10-2026
Less than 3
Equal to 7
Greater than 5
None of these
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Explanation
A buffer solution resists changes in pH when a small amount of acid or base is added. Adding nitric acid (HNO₃), a strong acid, increases the hydrogen ion concentration and lowers the pH. The exact final pH depends on the buffer composition and the concentration and amount of nitric acid . If the added acid exceeds the buffer’s capacity, the pH can fall below 3 . Last verified on 27-10-2026
ایسیٹک ایسڈ کے مرتکز محلول میں ہائیڈروکلورک ایسڈ شامل کرنے سے کیا نتیجہ نکلتا ہے؟
Increased alkalinity of solution
Decreased chloride ion concentration
Decreased acetate ion concentration
None of these
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Explanation
Addition of HCl (strong acid) into CH3COOH (weak acid): CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO- + H+ HCl gives H+ common ion, which suppresses the ionization of acetic acid due to common ion effect . So [H+] increases, equilibrium shifts left , [CH3COO-] decreases . Last verified on 27-10-2026
سب سے زیادہ بانڈ ڈسوسی ایشن انرجی کس قسم کی ہائبرڈائزیشن کے ذریعے بننے والے بانڈ سے وابستہ ہوتی ہے؟
sp-hybridization
dsp³-hybridization
sp³-hybridization
None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
sp-hybridization has 50% s-character, the highest among the given hybridization types. Greater s-character keeps the bonding electrons closer to the nucleus , generally resulting in a shorter bond length . The order of s-character is sp (50%) > sp² (33.3%) > sp³ (25%). Therefore, for comparable bonds between the same atoms, sp-hybridized bonds generally have the shortest bond length . Last verified on 27-10-2026
کس قسم کی ہائبرڈائزیشن کے ذریعے بننے والے بانڈ میں بانڈ کی لمبائی سب سے کم ہوتی ہے؟
sp-hybridization
dsp³-hybridization
sp³-hybridization
None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
sp-hybridization has 50% s-character, the highest among the given hybridization types. Greater s-character keeps the bonding electrons closer to the nucleus , generally resulting in a shorter bond length . The order of s-character is sp (50%) > sp² (33.3%) > sp³ (25%). Therefore, for comparable bonds between the same atoms, sp-hybridized bonds generally have the shortest bond length . Last verified on 27-10-2026
ہائیڈروجن سلفائیڈ کا آبی محلول سلفیورک ایسڈ سے گزرنا، کیا ہوگا؟
Solidify the hydrogen sulphide gas
Not affect the ionization of sulphuric acid
Decrease the ionization of sulphuric acid
None of these
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Explanation
Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) dissolves in water and ionizes weakly, producing hydrogen ions (H⁺) and hydrosulphide ions (HS⁻). The added H⁺ ions shift the ionization equilibrium of sulphuric acid toward the unionized form, reducing its ionization due to the common-ion effect. The common-ion effect occurs when an ion already present in an equilibrium is added, suppressing further ionization of a weak electrolyte . Last verified on 27-10-2026
پوٹاشیم کلورائیڈ کے آبی محلول میں پوٹاشیم ہائیڈرو آکسائیڈ شامل کرنے سے پوٹاشیم کلورائیڈ کی آئنائزیشن پر کیا اثر پڑے گا؟
Become unpredictable
Remain unchanged
Decrease
None of these
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Explanation
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a strong electrolyte that dissociates almost completely into K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions in water. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) also dissociates completely, adding more K⁺ ions to the solution . Last verified on 27-10-2026
لائن سپیکٹرم کی تشکیل سے توقع کی جا سکتی ہے۔
Sodium atom
Sodium ion
Sodium cation
None of these
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Explanation
A sodium atom produces a line spectrum when its electrons move between specific, quantized energy levels and emit or absorb photons of definite wavelengths. Each element has a characteristic line spectrum because its electrons have a unique set of energy levels . Last verified on 27-10-2026
زیادہ آئنک خصوصیت کی وجہ سے کس مرکب میں ڈائی پول مومنٹ کی قدر سب سے زیادہ ہوتی ہے؟
Hydrogen disulphide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen chloride
None of these
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Explanation
Hydrogen fluoride (HF) has a very high ionic character because fluorine is much more electronegative than hydrogen. Its dipole moment is approximately 1.82 debye (D), which is greater than that of hydrogen chloride (HCl), approximately 1.08 D, and hydrogen disulphide (H₂S), approximately 0.97 D. Dipole moment depends on both the magnitude of separated charges and the distance between them. HF has a particularly strong bond polarity due to the large electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine . Last verified on 27-10-2026
