Explanation

• Genetics: Study of heredity and variation in organisms.
• An Austrian monk who experimented with pea plants in the 19th century is known as the "Father of Modern Genetics"

Additional information

• Ecology: Study of organisms and their environment.
• Anatomy: Study of the structure of organisms.
• Evolution: Study of how living organisms change over generations.

Last updated by NA on 06-11-2026

Explanation

• The Theory of Relativity was proposed by Albert Einstein.
• It was introduced in the early 20th century.
• It includes Special Relativity (1905) and General Relativity (1915).
• The theory explains the relationship between space, time, and gravity.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Venus is the brightest planet in the night sky.
• Due to its thick cloud cover that reflects sunlight strongly.
• It is often called the “Evening Star” or “Morning Star.”

Additional information:

• Distance from Sun: ~108 million km
• Diameter: 12,104 km
• Orbital Period: 225 Earth days
• Atmosphere: Thick CO₂ clouds, very reflective

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Aeroplanes fly in the troposphere.
• It is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere.
• It extending up to about 12 km (7.5 miles) above the Earth's surface.
• The troposphere is where weather occurs, and it's the layer where aircraft operate.
• It typically cruising at altitudes between 30,000 to 40,000 feet (9,100 to 12,200 meters).

Additional information:

• Stratosphere: Contains the ozone layer.
• Mesosphere: Most meteors burn up here.
• Thermosphere: Includes much of the ionosphere and auroras.

Last verified on 12-10-2026

Explanation

• Cause: Mainly due to sulfur dioxide (SO₂) released from burning fossil fuels like coal and oil.
• Effect: SO₂ reacts with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, causing acid rain.

Last verified on 08-02-2026

Explanation

• The electromagnetic force acts between electrically charged particles.
• It causes both attraction and repulsion between charged particles.
• It is responsible for electricity, magnetism, light, and chemical bonding between atoms.

Additional information:

• Gravitational force: Acts between objects with mass and energy.
• Strong nuclear force: Holds quarks together and helps bind atomic nuclei.
• Weak nuclear force: Responsible for processes such as beta radioactive decay.

Last verified on 12-10-2026

Explanation

• The part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering is the Iris.
• It adjusts the size of the pupil according to light intensity.
• In bright light, it reduces light entry; in dim light, it allows more light in.
• This process protects the retina and helps clear vision.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Centrifugation is a separation method that uses rapid rotation to separate components according to their density.
• Cream contains fat globules that are less dense than the watery part of milk.

Additional information:

• Distillation: Separates substances based on differences in boiling points.
• Sublimation: A solid changes directly into a gas.

Last verified on 12-10-2026

Explanation

• 1 Nanometer (nm) = 10⁻⁹ m (1 × 10⁻⁹ m)

Additional information:

• 1 Kilometer (km) = 10³ m
• 1 Meter (m) = 10⁰ m
• 1 Millimeter (mm) = 10⁻³ m
• 1 Micrometer (µm) = 10⁻⁶ m

Last verified on 06-07-2026

Explanation

• Phycology is the branch of biology that studies algae.
• Algae are primarily aquatic, photosynthetic organisms found in freshwater, seawater, and moist environments.
• Phycology is also known as algology.

Additional information:

• Bacteriology: Study of bacteria
• Mycology: Study of fungi
• Virology: Study of viruses

Last verified on 12-10-2026