Explanation

• The process of starting an operating system when a user turns on a computer is called booting.
• Booting is a startup sequence that powers up the system and loads the operating system. 
• The booting process involves the following steps: 
• Power on
• The Power-On Self-Test
• Find and load the OS
• Drivers and system configuration
• User login and authentication

Last updated 08 Nov 2026 by NA

Explanation

• The first-ever IBM PC-compatible computer virus, named "Brain'
• It is also known as Pakistani Brain or Lahore
• Developed in January 1986
• By two brothers, Basit Farooq Alvi and Amjad Farooq Alvi,

Last updated by NA on 06-11-2026

Explanation

• A dedicated computer is assigned one and only one specific task.
• It is designed to perform a particular function.
• Dedicated computers are commonly used in ATMs, traffic-control systems, and industrial machines.
• They are optimized for their specific purpose and may be part of an embedded system.

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

• DMA stands for Direct Memory Access.
• It is a method that allows an I/O device to transfer data directly to or from main memory (RAM).
• The CPU does not need to handle every individual byte of the transfer.
• DMA can improve data-transfer speed and reduce CPU workload.
• It is commonly used for devices such as disk drives, network cards, and sound cards.

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

1 byte equals 8 bits.

Additional Information

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

CAD, or CADD, is short for computer-aided design or computer-aided design and drafting.

CAD is a software used in the computer systems by: 

• Engineers
• Architects
• Drafters
• Artists

Last updated by NA on 04-11-2026

Explanation

• Type: Impact Printer
• Printing Method: Pins strike an ink ribbon
• Common Pin Configurations: 9-pin, 24-pin
• Output: Text and graphics
• Main Advantage: Can print multi-part forms

Last updated by NA on 04-11-2026

Explanation

• "Log in" is the correct term used to access an account.
• It involves entering credentials like a username and password.

• Sign up: Create a new account.
• Sign out: Exit your account.

Last updated on 30 Oct 2026

Explanation

• The physical part of a computer is called hardware.
• Hardware refers to all the tangible parts of a computer that contribute to its functionality.
• Some examples of hardware include:
• Motherboard, RAM, CPU, Mouse, Keyboard, CD, DVD, Hard disk, Monitor, and Case.

Additional information:

• In contrast, software is the intangible part of a computer that helps it perform its functions.
• Software is made up of programs, procedures, and routines that run the computer system.

Last verified on 04-09-2026

Explanation

• A Cell is the intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet such as MS Excel.
• Each cell has a unique cell address, such as A1, B5, or C10.
• Rows are identified by numbers: 1, 2, 3, ...
• Columns are identified by letters: A, B, C, ...
• A cell can contain text, numbers, formulas, or functions.

Last verified on 09-08-2026