Explanation

A normal fetal heart rate (FHR) usually ranges from 120 to 160 beats per minute (bpm) in the in-utero period.

Note:

Normal ranges for FHR are 120 to 160 bpm.

Many international guidelines define ranges of 110 to 160 bpm which seem to be safe in daily practice.

Explanation

The infraorbital nerve is not a branch of the ophthalmic nerve

it is a branch of the maxillary nerve (itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)).

It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa.

It passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the orbit.

Explanation

Reed–Sternberg cells are distinctive, giant cells found with light microscopy in biopsies from individuals with Hodgkin lymphoma

Explanation

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is well-known for its ototoxic effects

Potentially causing damage to the inner ear and leading to hearing loss or balance issues.

The other drugs listed are not typically associated with ototoxicity:

1. Contimycin: This appears to be a less commonly used or less well-known drug; assuming it refers to an antibioticIt is not generally recognized for ototoxicity.
2. Amoxicillin: This is a penicillin-type antibiotic and is not known to be ototoxic.
3. Erythromycin: This is a macrolide antibiotic and, it is not typically ototoxic.
4. Penicillin: This class of antibiotics is not associated with ototoxicity.

Explanation

Clubbing (enlargement and rounding of the fingertips) is not typically associated with Plummer-Vinson syndrome.

Plummer-Vinson syndrome, also known as Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome, is characterized by the following features:

1. Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing, typically due to esophageal webs.
2. Angular stomatitis (angular cheilitis): Inflammation and cracks at the corners of the mouth.
3. Anemia: Usually iron deficiency anemia, which contributes to other symptoms.
4. Pale conjunctiva: A sign of anemia.

Explanation

Eyesight problems, such as hypermetropia, are also known as refractive errors. 

The medical name for long-sightedness is hypermetropia, sometimes called hyperopia.

Long-sightedness leads to problems with near vision (seeing things that are close up) and the eyes may commonly become tired.

Explanation

Beriberi is not a lipid storage disease.

This is a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1 (thiamine).

It affects the cardiovascular and nervous systems

Explanation

Canesten Antifungal cream helps stop the growth of fungi and relieves the symptoms of fungal skin infections.

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside used to treat a wide variety of aerobic infections in the body

Tobramycin works by killing bacteria.

Penicillins are used to treat infections caused by bacteria

Aspirin is a common drug for relieving minor aches, pains, and fevers.

Explanation

The ability to perform alternating movements of the hands is referred to as Dysdiadochokinesia.

These movements can be quick and synchronous, including:

• pronation/supination
• fast finger tapping
• opening and closing of the fists
• foot tapping

Explanation

The infection agent that is most strongly associated with the development of liver cancer is the Hepatitis B virus (HBV).

HBV can be transmitted in blood, semen, or other body fluids.

The infection can be passed from:

• mother to child during childbirth
• through sexual contact
• by sharing needles that are used to inject drugs