پاکستان کو افغانستان سے متعلق عسکریت پسندی، باقاعدہ تجارت، سرحدی انتظام اور مہاجرین کی واپسی کے بیک وقت مسائل درپیش ہیں۔ ان مسائل سے نمٹنے کے لیے کون سا پالیسی فریم ورک سب سے زیادہ مربوط ہے؟
Combine secure borders, lawful trade, counter-terrorism and orderly return of refugees
Treat refugee management, trade and security as unrelated portfolios
Base policy solely on short-term political changes in Kabul
Effective border management helps prevent unauthorized crossings, arms smuggling and the movement of militant groups while facilitating legitimate travel.
Lawful bilateral trade supports economic activity, strengthens commercial ties and reduces incentives for informal cross-border trade.
Counter-terrorism cooperation should focus on preventing militant violence, improving intelligence-sharing and protecting civilians.
Circular debt occurs when payments remain unpaid across the power sector, including distribution companies, power producers, and fuel suppliers.
It creates financial pressure on the government.
Reliance on imported fuels exposes Pakistan to international price fluctuations and exchange-rate depreciation, increasing electricity-generation costs.
Transmission and distribution losses, electricity theft, and poor bill recovery further weaken the financial sustainability of the power sector.
The federal government decided not to extend certain tax exemptions beyond 30 June 2026, making the affected areas subject to taxation from 1 July 2026.
The proposed taxes included income tax, sales tax and customs duties.
The decision concerned the withdrawal of existing tax exemptions in the former FATA and Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA), including Malakand Division.
Under Pakistan’s Constitution of 1973, the National Assembly has the principal role in approving federal government expenditure and taxation through the budgetary process.
Under Article 80, the Federal Government lays the annual budget statement before the National Assembly.
Under Article 82, demands for grants are submitted to the National Assembly, which may approve or refuse them, but cannot increase a grant.
پاکستان میں کھپت پر ٹیکسوں سے خاطر خواہ آمدنی حاصل ہوتی ہے، جبکہ زیادہ آمدنی والی کئی سرگرمیوں کا ریکارڈ محدود ہے۔ کون سی اصلاح ٹیکس میں مساوات اور آمدنی کے پائیدار نظام، دونوں کو بہتر بنائے گی؟
Exempt additional high-value sectors from audit and disclosure
Broaden direct taxation and reduce unjustified exemptions
Finance routine expenditure through repeated central-bank borrowing
PNRA is Pakistan’s independent regulatory authority responsible for regulating the safety and security of nuclear installations and radiation-related activities.
PNRA stands for Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority.
It was established in 2001 under the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority Ordinance.
