Explanation

• Kaffarah is the atonement for deliberately breaking a fast during Ramadan without a valid excuse.
• In the Hanafi school, it generally involves fasting for 60 consecutive days.

Explanation

Fasting (Sawm) is used as Kaffarah (expiation) for certain sins like breaking an oath or intentionally breaking a fast in Ramadan.

The Quran prescribes fasting for 60 consecutive days as Kaffarah in specific cases.

Explanation

• Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
• The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz).
• 1 Hz = 1 cycle or vibration per second
• Unit: Hz = s⁻¹ (per second)
• Named after physicist Heinrich Hertz
• Used for waves, oscillations, sound, and electromagnetic radiation
• Derivations from other quantities: f = 1 / T
• Dimension T^−1

Explanation

• Workforce planning identifies how many employees will be needed, which skills will be required, and when vacancies are expected.
• HR managers assess upcoming retirements, existing staff capabilities, and future workload to identify staffing gaps.
• Based on this assessment, the department can decide whether recruitment, training, promotion, or redeployment is the most suitable solution.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

Average of 10 numbers = 48

Total sum of 10 numbers = 48 * 10 = 480

Wrong number entered = 28

Correct number = 82

Difference = 82 - 28 = 54

So correct sum = 480 + 54 = 534

Correct average = 534 / 10 = 53.4

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

The outage lasted from 13:32 to 16:00, which is 2 hours 28 minutes.

If the RTO is 2 hours, the recovery exceeded the target by 28 minutes.

RTO is the target time for restoring a system after disruption.

RPO is the maximum acceptable amount of data loss measured in time.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Under Pakistan’s Civil Servants (Appointment, Promotion and Transfer) Rules, 1973, promotions to higher grades are considered by the relevant high-level Selection Board.
• The Central Selection Board (CSB) considers promotions to BPS-20 and BPS-21 in the federal civil service, subject to applicable rules.
• The board evaluates officers’ service records, performance, and suitability before making recommendations to the competent authority.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Repeatedly high employee turnover may trigger an administrative review to identify workplace problems, management weaknesses, or other underlying causes.
• Supervisors may be evaluated or questioned if evidence suggests that their management practices contribute to resignations.
• The purpose is to identify problems and improve staff retention; disciplinary action is not automatic and depends on the findings and applicable rules.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) handles diplomatic correspondence, foreign affairs documentation, and coordination on international matters.
• It coordinates with relevant ministries and government departments when clearances or approvals involving foreign governments or international organizations are required.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Employees of similar standing should be treated fairly and consistently under the applicable service and disciplinary rules.
• Disciplinary action should be based on evidence, the nature of the misconduct, and established procedures, not personal relationships or rank-based favoritism.
• Equal treatment promotes workplace fairness, accountability, and protection against discrimination and arbitrary decisions.

Last verified on 24-10-2026