Explanation

The test mode to compare the performance of a student with other students is called "Norm reference."

In norm-referenced tests, a student's performance is compared to the performance of a larger group of test takers, known as the norm group.

This comparison allows for the interpretation of a student's performance relative to the performance of their peers.

Explanation

The Trial and Error theory was presented by Edward Thorndike.

His key work on the theory was published in 1898. 

Thorndike’s theory was foundational in the study of learning and behavior, influencing later theories in psychology and education.

Explanation

The learning method that is associated with observing the behavior of others is called "Learning by Imitation."

Explanation

In a class, students are generally grouped based on their academic performance or abilities, which may include categories such as:

• average
• below average
• above average

Explanation

The model of curriculum that could not move above the elementary stage is the Activity curriculum.

This model primarily focuses on hands-on, experiential learning and is more suitable for younger students, typically at the elementary level.

Explanation

The intelligence level of a gifted student is typically considered to be an IQ score of 140 or above.

Explanation

The focus of the National Education Policy 1978 was on Islamic values and the ideology of Pakistan.

Explanation

The National Education Policy of 1970 was headed by Abdul Hafeez Pirzada.

It was recommended that school education should include:

classes I to X, with the organizational structure comprising elementary schools (classes I-VIII) and high schools (classes IX-X).

Explanation

The Text Book Board was recommended to be established under the National Education Commission of 1959.

Explanation

The National Education Commission of 1959 was established under the headship of S.M. Sharif.