Explanation

Diffusion is the process where particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

Ink spreads evenly in water due to molecular motion, resulting in uniform distribution.

Explanation

A reducing agent, also known as a reductant.

It is a substance that causes another substance to be reduced by donating electrons to it.

In the process, the reducing agent itself becomes oxidized, as it loses electrons.

This means that the reducing agent's oxidation state increases. 

Explanation

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons containing only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

They follow the general formula CnH2n+2.

It include compounds like methane, ethane, and propane.

Explanation

70% of glass is made from sand (silica, SiO₂), the primary component.

The remaining 30% includes soda ash (Na₂CO₃) and lime (CaO) to lower melting points and stabilize the glass.

Explanation

Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl group (–COOH), which gives them their acidic properties.

This group consists of a carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (–OH) bonded to the same carbon atom.

Explanation

Hydration is the process of adding water (H₂O) to alkenes to form alcohols, usually in the presence of H₂SO₄ as a catalyst.

It follows Markovnikov's rule, where the –OH group attaches to the more substituted carbon.

Explanation

Potash mica (also known as muscovite) is an aluminum silicate mineral containing potassium.

It is a significant source of aluminum in silicate form.

Explanation

Nascent hydrogen refers to atomic hydrogen (H), which is highly reactive and short-lived.

It is usually produced in situ during chemical reactions.

It is more reactive than molecular hydrogen (H₂).

Explanation

A sigma (σ) bond is formed by the head-on (linear) overlap of atomic orbitals.

It is the strongest type of covalent bond and exists in single bonds.

Explanation