Explanation

• Wheat (Triticum aestivum) belongs to the Poaceae (Gramineae) family — the grass family.
• This family includes major cereals like wheat, rice, maize, barley, sorghum.
• Members have narrow leaves, hollow stems, and fibrous roots.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Recommended seed rate of wheat is 50–60 kg per acre.
• Proper seed rate ensures optimal plant population and yield.
• Helps in uniform germination and strong crop stand.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Herbicides are chemicals used to control unwanted plants (weeds).
• A selective herbicide targets specific parts of a plant, such as roots, without harming other parts or neighboring plants.

Additional information:

• Example of selective herbicide: 2,4-D, which kills broadleaf weeds but not grasses.
• Selective herbicides are widely used in agriculture to protect crops.

Last verified on 23-01-2026

Explanation

• Participatory approach involves engaging local communities and stakeholders in decision-making.
• It is called bottom-up because ideas and actions start from the grassroots level.

Additional information:

• Encourages ownership and sustainability of projects.
• Commonly used in agriculture, rural development, and resource management.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Sugarcane setts are stem cuttings used for planting.
• Each sett should have a minimum of 3 buds to ensure proper sprouting and healthy plant growth.

Additional information:

• Sett length – 20–25 cm
• Planting depth – 5–7 cm in soil
• Spacing – 90–120 cm between rows
• Germination period – 10–15 days under optimal conditions

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Face-to-face communication occurs directly between two people.
• Known as interpersonal communication.
• Helps in clear understanding and immediate feedback.

Additional information:

• Non-verbal cues like gestures and expressions play an important role.
• Crucial in training, counseling, and extension services.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Delinting is the process of removing fibers (lint) from cotton seeds.
• Ensures smooth seed handling and uniform sowing.
• Commonly done before planting cotton seeds.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Delinting removes cotton fibers (lint) from seeds to improve seed handling and sowing.
• Concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is commonly used for chemical delinting.
• After treatment, seeds are washed thoroughly to remove acid residues.

Last verified on 31-01-2026

Explanation

• Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) is the major pest of cotton, attacking bolls, flowers, and leaves.
• Can also infest tomato, maize, and chickpea crops.
• Causes significant yield losses if not controlled.
• Managed through chemical sprays, pheromone traps, and biological control.

Last verified on 31-01-2026

Explanation

• Imbibition is the process where seeds absorb water, swell, and become metabolically active.
• It is the first step in seed germination.
• Occurs due to osmosis and capillary action.