Explanation

Reaction:

2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO

Molar masses:

Mg = 24 g/mol

O₂ = 32 g/mol

Moles given:

Mg: 50 ÷ 24 ≈ 2.08 mol

O₂: 32 ÷ 32 = 1 mol

Reaction requirement:

2 mol Mg reacts with 1 mol O₂

We have 2.08 mol Mg and 1 mol O₂ → Mg is slightly in excess

Excess Mg left:

Mg needed = 2 × 1 mol O₂ = 2 mol

Mg actually = 2.08 mol

Excess Mg = 2.08 – 2 = 0.08 mol → 0.08 × 24 = 1.92 g ≈ 2 g

Explanation

Ideal gas law says: PV = nRT

P is pressure, V is volume, T is temperature, R is gas constant, n is number of moles.

To find concentration, we want n/V (moles per unit volume).

From PV = nRT → n/V = P/RT

So the formula used to find concentration is P/RT.

Explanation

At 1520 torr = 2 atm, using the formula d = PM/RT:

d = 2×32/RT = 64/RT.

Therefore, the density of O₂ = 64/RT.

Explanation

In methyl chloride (CH₃Cl), carbon forms three C–H sigma bonds by sp³–s overlap.

The fourth bond (C–Cl) is formed by sp³–p overlap, not sp³–s.

Explanation

The rate constant K relates reaction rate to reactant concentrations.

It is called the specific rate constant because it gives the rate per unit concentration of reactants.

Explanation

Formic acid + Ethanol in presence of acid catalyst → Ethyl formate (an ester).

This reaction is known as esterification.

Explanation

Metamerism is a type of structural isomerism, not stereoisomerism.

Stereoisomerism includes optical and geometrical isomerism, which differ in spatial arrangement.

Explanation

A state function depends only on the system’s initial and final states, not on the path.

Work depends on the process or path taken, so it is not a state function.

Explanation

Standard temperature and pressure (STP) are 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm (14.7 psi or 760 mmHg).

These are the reference conditions for gas measurements.

Explanation

Reaction: N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

6 g H₂ produce 34 g NH₃ → To get 51 g NH₃, 6/34 × 51 = 9 g H₂ required.