Explanation

Influenza is also known as the flu.

It is a contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus.

It affects the nose, throat, and lungs, and can range from mild to severe.

Explanation

Iron deficiency is associated with decreased cognitive abilities and resistance to diseases.

Iron plays a crucial role in the immune system, and deficiency can impair the body's ability to fight off infections.

Explanation

Polio is also known as poliomyelitis.

It is a disease caused by the poliovirus.

The virus is usually spread through the fecal-oral route, which includes through contaminated water and food.

Explanation

• Muscular degeneration, also known as Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD).
• It is a disease that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision.
• It causes vision loss in the central field of vision, making everyday tasks like reading, driving, and recognizing faces challenging.

Explanation

Glaucoma is caused by an increase in pressure within the eyeball, specifically in the fluid pressure inside the eye.

This increased pressure can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss if left untreated.

Explanation

Vitamin B deficiency can cause diseases such as:

• beriberi
• pellagra 
• anemia

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia happens when your body does not have enough healthy red blood cells

Explanation

• Human growth hormone (HGH) is used to treat growth hormone deficiency, which can cause dwarfism or short stature.
• HGH replacement therapy can help promote growth and development in children and adolescents with growth hormone deficiency.

Explanation

Measles is a viral disease that can be prevented and treated with the measles vaccine.

Explanation

Vitamin A deficiency can cause a range of health problems, including:

• Night blindness (difficulty seeing in low light)
• Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
• Keratomalacia (softening of the cornea)
• Immune system weakness
• Increased risk of infections

Explanation

• Hematology is a subspecialty of pathology that specifically deals with diseases related to blood and blood-forming organs.
• Hematologists diagnose and treat blood disorders such as anemia, bleeding disorders, and blood cancers like leukemia.