Pyrexia is the medical term for fever.

Indicates raised body temperature.

Commonly due to infection or inflammation.

Caused by resetting of the hypothalamic thermostat.

Opposite of hypothermia.

Last updated question01  March 2026

Syncope means temporary loss of consciousness.

It occurs due to decreased cerebral blood flow.

Commonly called fainting.

It is usually sudden and short-lived.

Consciousness returns once blood flow is restored.

Last updated question01  March 2026

Bradycardia means a slow heart rate.

Normal adult resting heart rate is 60–100 beats/min.

A heart rate below 60 bpm is clinically termed bradycardia.

It may be physiological (e.g., athletes) or pathological.

Can cause symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, or syncope if severe.

Last updated question01  March 2026

The suffix “-itis” means inflammation.

“Cyst” refers to the urinary bladder.

Cystitis commonly results from a urinary tract infection (UTI).

Symptoms include burning urination and frequency.

It does not involve the gallbladder or ducts.

Last updated question01  March 2026

Transmission via an intermediate organism (vector) like a mosquito is called vector-borne transmission.

The pathogen does not move directly from person to person.

The vector (mosquito) carries and transmits the disease (e.g., malaria, dengue).

Direct transmission involves person-to-person contact (touch, droplets).

Common vehicle and airborne transmission involve contaminated food, water, or air, not a living vector.

Last updated question 28 feb 2026

Asthma → expiratory wheeze, no drooling

FBAO (foreign body airway obstruction) → sudden choking episode, not typically drooling with tripod posture

Last updated question 28 feb 2026

Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage (e.g., trachea, nose, articular surfaces).

It does not contain blood vessels, nerves, or lymphatics (avascular and aneural).

Nutrients reach it by diffusion from surrounding tissues.

It contains fine collagen fibers, not elastic fibers (those are in elastic cartilage).

Hyaline cartilage can calcify with age, so it does not resist calcification permanen

Last updated question 28 feb 2026

Pulmonary edema causes fluid in the lungs, leading to impaired breathing and low oxygen levels.

In emergencies, assessment follows the ABC principle (Airway, Breathing, Circulation).

Airway and breathing must be ensured first to prevent hypoxia and respiratory failure.

Circulation (blood pressure, heart rate) is critical in a patient with heart failure.

Skin integrity, electrolytes, and urine output are important, but they are secondary priorities after stabilizing ABCs.

Last updated question 28 feb 2026

Hypovolemic shock occurs due to a critical loss of blood or body fluids.

Severe hemorrhage directly reduces circulating blood volume.

A severe allergic reaction causes anaphylactic shock.

Septicemia leads to septic shock.

Spinal cord injury causes neurogenic shock.

Last updated question 27 feb 2026