Explanation

• Gateway — connects networks with different protocols; performs protocol conversion (works up to the application layer).

Additional information:

• Bridge — connects networks using the same protocol (data link layer).
• Router — connects networks using the same protocol, typically IP (network layer).

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• A half-byte, also known as a nibble.
• Size: It consists of 4 bits, which is exactly half of an 8-bit byte.
• It can represent 16 different values, from 0000 to 1111.
• It is also called a tetrade, quadbit, or semi-octet

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Compiler/Windows XP is not hardware; it is software.
• Compiler: A program that translates computer code into machine language.
• Windows XP: An operating system that runs computer programs.

Additional information:

• CPU, RAM, Hard Disk, Monitor, and Chip are all hardware.
• A compiler is software that converts code into machine language.
• Windows XP is an operating system.

Last updated by NA on 09-09-2026

Explanation

• Access time is the time required by a computer to locate and access data.
• It is an important measure of the speed of memory or storage devices.
• Lower access time generally means faster data retrieval.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• Multiprocessing means using two or more processors/CPU cores to execute multiple programs or processes simultaneously (at the same time).

• Multitasking generally means running multiple tasks by sharing CPU time.
• Multiprogramming means keeping multiple programs in memory and switching the CPU among them.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• ABC refers to the Atanasoff-Berry Computer, an early electronic digital computer.
• The computer was developed by John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford Berry.
• It was developed during 1939–1942.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• ORACLE is a Database Management System (DBMS) used for storing, retrieving, and managing data in databases.
• ORACLE is specifically designed to handle database operations.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• The term GIGO is related to accuracy.
• GIGO stands for Garbage In, Garbage Out.
• It means that if incorrect or poor-quality data is entered into a computer, the output will also be incorrect or unreliable.
• It emphasizes the importance of entering correct and valid data.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• Peopleware refers to the people who are involved in the use, development, operation, and maintenance of computer systems.
• It includes programmers, system analysts, operators, technicians, and other computer personnel.

Additional information:

• Programmer is only one type of computer professional.
• System Analyst is specifically responsible for analyzing and designing systems.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• System analysis is the process of studying a problem or existing system to determine what the new system should accomplish.
• It involves understanding requirements, processes, data, and system functions.
• Creating a formal model of the problem is a key part of system analysis.
• Screen design and data format/type are mainly associated with system design.

Last verified on 08-09-2026