Explanation

• DOS (Disk Operating System) is a single-user operating system.
• It is designed for one user at a time.
• DOS uses a Command-Line Interface (CLI) instead of a graphical interface.

Additional information:

• Examples of Multi-user OS: Windows, Linux, UNIX, macOS

Last verified on 06-08-2026

Explanation

• Shortcut key for center alignment: Ctrl+E

Additional information:

• Center align means middle of the page.
• Ctrl + R -- Align selected text or line to the right.
• Ctrl + M -- Indent the paragraph.

Last verified on 07-08-2026

Explanation

• BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System.

Additional information:

• BIOS is a firmware stored on a computer’s motherboard.
• Initializes hardware during booting and provides runtime services.
• Acts as an interface between operating system and hardware.

Last verified on 04-02-2026

Explanation

• Decrease the font size by 1 point: Ctrl + [

Additional information:

• Increase the font size. Ctrl + Shift + >
• Decrease the font size: Ctrl + Shift + <
• Increase the font size by 1 point: Ctrl + ]
• Ctrl + Shift + F: Change the font
• Open the Font dialog box to change the font: Ctrl + Shift + F

Verified & Updated

Explanation

• The keyboard shortcut to select the entire document (or all items in a window) is Ctrl + A.
• Function: Selects all content, text, or files in the active window.

Additional information:

• Ctrl + R = used for aligning selected text to the right.
• Ctrl + E = used for aligning selected text to the center.
• Ctrl + J = use for Justify paragraph alignment.
• Ctrl + L = used for aligning selected text to the left.
• Ctrl + Q = used to Align the selected paragraph to the left.

Explanation

• Ctrl + E is the shortcut used to apply center alignment in MS Word.

Additional information:

• Ctrl + L → Left Alignment
• Ctrl + R → Right Alignment
• Ctrl + J → Justify Alignment

Last verified on 06-03-2026

Explanation

• Monitor and Speaker are output devices.
• Because they display visual information and produce sound instead of sending data to the computer

• Input devices are used to enter data and instructions into a computer.
• Output devices present the processed information to the user.
• Common input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone, Joystick
• Common output devices: Monitor, Speaker, Printer, Projector, Plotter

Last verified on 01-08-2026

Explanation

• Full Form: Structured Query Language
• SQL is the standard language used to store, retrieve, update, and manage data in relational databases.

Additional information:

• Designed by: Donald D. Chamberlin & Raymond F. Boyce
• First appeared: 1974
• Latest ISO Standard: SQL:2016 (December 2016)
• Main SQL Commands: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE

Last verified on 22-07-2026

Explanation

• Full Name: Vinton Gray Cerf
• Known as: Father of Internet
• Born: 23 June 1943
• Major Contribution: TCP/IP protocol development
• Award: National Medal of Technology (1997)

Last verified on 20-06-2026

Explanation

• Cybercrime is any criminal activity that uses a computer, network, or networked device.

Additional information:

• Fraud: Cybercriminals can use computers to commit fraud, such as credit card fraud
• Identity theft: Cybercriminals can steal identities
• Child pornography: Cybercriminals can traffic in child pornography
• Intellectual property theft: Cybercriminals can steal intellectual property
• Phishing: Cybercriminals can send fraudulent emails to collect sensitive information
• Denial of service attacks: Cybercriminals can launch denial of service attacks (DDOS)
• Cyberterrorism: Cybercriminals can commit cyberterrorism

Last verified on 19-07-2026