Explanation

• ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• Purpose: Character encoding standard
• Range: 0–127
• Represents: Letters, numbers & punctuation
• Work began: May 1961
• Definitive version: Published in 1968

Last updated by NA ON 16-09-2026

Explanation

• Laptop: A portable computer you can easily carry and use in different places.
• Battery-powered: Can operate without a direct power connection for a limited time.
• Smaller and lighter than a desktop computer.

Last updated by NA ON 16-09-2026

Explanation

• MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.
• It is a technology used mainly in the banking industry.
• It helps machines read and process checks quickly.

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Modem is a computer hardware device used for communication over a network.
• Modem stands for Modulator-Demodulator.
• A modem converts digital data into signals suitable for transmission.
• It also converts incoming signals back into digital data.
• Modems are commonly used to provide Internet connectivity.

Last verified on 15-09-2026

Explanation

• Junk mail is also called spam.
• The name comes from an old Monty Python comedy sketch.
• It is commonly used for ads, scams, or fake promotions.
  

Additional information:

• Spoof means pretending to be another sender (email spoofing).
• Email services use spam filters to block junk mail automatically.

Explanation

• PowerPoint is used to create multimedia presentations.
• Combines text, images, audio, video, animations, and charts.
• Developed by Microsoft.
• File extension: .pptx

Last updated on 14-09-2026

Explanation

• Keyboard → An input device used to enter data and commands.
• Inventor: Christopher Latham Sholes
• Function keys: 12 (F1–F12)
• Alphanumeric keys: A–Z and 0–9
• Punctuation keys: Comma, period, semicolon, etc.
• Special keys: Arrow keys, Caps Lock, Enter, Ctrl, Alt
• Longest key: Spacebar
• Standard keyboard: 101 keys

Explanation

• DOS stands for Disk Operating System
• DOS is a command-line-based operating system.
• Users type commands to perform tasks.
• It does not primarily use a graphical interface like Windows.

Explanation

• IBM 1401 belongs to the second generation. 
• Second generation of computers: 1956 to 1963
• Used in the second generation: Transistors

Additional information:

• IBM stands for International Business Machines
• Founded on June 16, 1911. 
• Formerly: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (1911–1924)
• Renamed to IBM: 1924
• Founders
• George Winthrop Fairchild
• Charles Ranlett Flint
• Herman Hollerith
• Headquarters: 1 Orchard Road, Armonk, New York, United States
• Area served: 170 countries

Explanation

• UTP = Unshielded Twisted Pair
• Used for networking and data transmission.
• Common in Ethernet cables.
• Contains twisted pairs of copper wires.