Explanation

• Bug: An error or flaw in software.
• The term "bug" was popularized in the 1940s
• Origin: A moth was found in the Harvard Mark II computer in 1947.
• Associated with: Grace Hopper and her team.

Last updated on 30 Oct 2026

Explanation

• Definition: Finding and correcting errors (bugs) in a program.
• Purpose: To make the program work correctly.
• Errors: Can cause crashes or unexpected behaviour.
• Common term: Bugs = Program errors.

Last updated on 30 Oct 2026

Explanation

ROM is an example of Primary Memory.

- Primary memory includes RAM and ROM.

- ROM is non-volatile memory.

- It retains data when power is off.

- Stores permanent instructions and firmware.

- Retains data without electricity.

Last updated on 30 Oct 2026

Explanation

• The physical part of a computer is called hardware.
• Hardware refers to all the tangible parts of a computer that contribute to its functionality.
• Some examples of hardware include:
• Motherboard, RAM, CPU, Mouse, Keyboard, CD, DVD, Hard disk, Monitor, and Case.

Additional information:

• In contrast, software is the intangible part of a computer that helps it perform its functions.
• Software is made up of programs, procedures, and routines that run the computer system.

Last verified on 04-09-2026

Explanation

• A Cell is the intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet such as MS Excel.
• Each cell has a unique cell address, such as A1, B5, or C10.
• Rows are identified by numbers: 1, 2, 3, ...
• Columns are identified by letters: A, B, C, ...
• A cell can contain text, numbers, formulas, or functions.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• In classic versions of Internet Explorer, the View menu contains the Toolbars option.
• Users can show or hide the Favorites Bar through the relevant toolbar settings.

Additional information:

• Internet Explorer was developed by Microsoft.
• It was first released in 1995.
• Microsoft retired Internet Explorer 11 on most versions of Windows 10 on 15 June 2022.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• Modem: Modulator-Demodulator.
• Converts digital signals into analog signals for transmission over traditional telephone lines.
• Converts analog signals back into digital signals at the receiving end.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Half-duplex: Communication can occur in both directions, but not at the same time.
• Example: Walkie-talkie (one person speaks at a time).

Additional information:

• Telephone: Full-duplex — both users can speak simultaneously.
• Radio broadcasting: Simplex — one-way communication.
• Television: Simplex — one-way communication.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• In MS Word, the background color or effect applied to a document is not visible in Print Preview.

Additional information 

• Web Layout: Shows how a document appears as a webpage.
• Draft View: Displays text for quick editing; page layout elements may not be shown.
• Read Mode: Optimizes the document for comfortable reading.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Access Toolbar: Quick access to frequently used commands.
• Usually contains Save, Undo, and Redo.

Additional information:

• Standard Toolbar: Contains common commands such as New, Open, Save, and Print.
• Formatting Toolbar: Contains text formatting options such as font, size, bold, and alignment.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026