Explanation

• A USB Flash Drive is the most commonly used device for copying files from one computer to another.
• It is a portable storage device that connects through a USB port.
• Users can easily copy, move, and back up files using a USB flash drive.
• It is reusable, lightweight, and compatible with most computers.
• It is also known as a USB drive, pen drive, or thumb drive.

Last verified on 02-08-2026

Explanation

Ring Topology → Token Passing

• Devices are connected in a circular structure.
• A token is passed between connected devices.
• Only the device holding the token can transmit data.

Explanation

Component Testing → Unit Testing

• Tests individual software components or modules.
• Checks whether each component works correctly.
• Helps identify errors at an early stage.

Explanation

• Simplex — one-directional data flow from computer to printer only, with no data sent back.

Additional information 

• Half-duplex— data travels both ways, but only one direction at a time.
• Full-duplex— data travels both ways simultaneously.
• Multiplex— combining multiple signals into one channel, not directly relevant here

Explanation

• "An entity is anything about which we store data" is True.
• An entity is any real-world object or concept the database stores information about.
• Examples: customer, product, employee, order.

Explanation

++ adds 1 to a variable.

• a++ (post): uses the value, then increments.
• ++a (pre): increments, then uses value.
• -- decrements the same way.
• Alone in a statement, both forms behave identically.

Explanation

• A += B is equivalent to A = A + B.
• It's the compound assignment operator for addition.
• It takes the current value of A, adds B to it, and stores the result back into A.

Other compound operators follow the same pattern:

• A -= B → A = A - B
• A *= B → A = A * B
• A /= B → A = A / B
• A %= B → A = A % B

Explanation

• fclose() returns 0 on success and EOF (-1) on failure.
• It flushes any buffered data to the file before closing the stream
  For the standard input/output streams (stdin, stdout, stderr), 

Explanation

The cube of a number is the result of multiplying the number by itself three times.

Example:

5^3=5×5×5

Step-by-step:

• $5 times 5 = 25$
• $25 times 5 = 125$

Therefore,  5^3=125.

Explanation

A void function in C is used for its side effects rather than returning a value.

Common uses include:

• Printing to the screen (e.g., a function that prints a menu)
• Modifying global variables
• Updating values through pointers (e.g., a swap function)